In the early history of this country Native Americans were treated with respect. Tribal chiefs were invited to Washington. They were feted, and their portraits were painted, mostly by Charles Bird King. As the eastern United States became more populated with whites, there was a growing lust for Indian land.
Andrew Jackson was the first president who aided his constituents in usurping Indian land. The 1830 “Indian Removal Act” stated that tribes east of the Mississippi that had not adopted “white ways” would have to move west of that river. This is what ultimately led to the tragic “trail of tears”. But, the government would not hold to its own promises, then or later. The Cherokee, among other tribes, had adapted properly, but were sent west anyway. It was clear to some that the intent was to eliminate the indigenous people that had lived here for hundreds, if not thousands, of years. Several artists, for various reasons, went west to document the lives of Native American tribes before they were gone. They captured village life, buffalo hunts, and warfare.